The fundamental origin of dark energy is the subject of. A probe of fundamental physics and a record of structure formation in the universe. Clues to the fundamental nature of gravity, dark energy and. Will new connections between other probes of new physics e. A quintessential introduction to dark energy by paul j.
Evidence for cosmic acceleration fundamental questions about cosmic acceleration the dark energy problem dark energy wiley online library skip to article content. The simplest explanation is that the acceleration is due to addition of a cosmological constant to einsteins equation, but this resolution is. Chasing down cosmic acceleration the first 23 of each part will be lecture. Recent results from the hubble space telescope higherz team indicate that dark energy has been present for at least 9 billion years and during the period preceding cosmic acceleration. In the case of the cosmic acceleration, where there is no appealing. The discovery of the acceleration of the universe requires new fundamental physics the dark energy might be a cosmological constant. Roadmap for ultrahigh energy cosmic ray physics and astronomy. The positron fraction of the cosmic rays has been measured up to 300 gev and provides solid evidence for a high energy primary source of positrons in the galaxy, either from dark matter annihilation or astrophysical processes 11, 3, 12. The discovery of cosmic acceleration has prompted the need for a new understanding of cosmology. It is intended to be of use to researchers, teachers, and students at several levels. Cosmic acceleration, dark energy and fundamental physics. Andreas albrecht based on various seminars and colloquia 2102016 phy 262 dark energy. From quantum to cosmos, fundamental physics research in space airlie center, washington d.
Steinhardt department of physics, princeton university, princeton, nj 08540, usa published online 17 september 2003 most of the energy in the universe consists of some form of dark energy that is gravitationally selfrepulsive and that is causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate. Potential observational windows include i probing the expansion history of the. It makes assumptions regarding the composition of the universe, and in particular the content of dark matter and the nature of dark energy, the mysterious driver of. Quintessence has different implications for fundamental physics. A web of interlocking observations has established that the expansion of the universe is speeding up and not slowing, revealing the presence of some form of. On cosmic acceleration without dark energy article pdf available in new journal of physics 812. In fundamental theoretical physics, there was, at the beginning of the twenty. How gravitational waves might help fundamental cosmology. Gravity waves, strong gravity tests of gr, dark energy surveys, dark matter searches, cmb measurements, high energy cosmic rays. Anothercosmologicalproblem, closelyentwined with the dark energy problem, is the. May 29, 2007 this resource letter provides a guide to the literature on dark energy and the accelerating universe. Jan 27, 2010 summary this chapter contains sections titled. Project hopes to find fundamental theory of physics.
A model of dark matter and dark energy based on relativizing. When modern cosmologists began to tackle cosmic acceleration and dark energy. The astro2010 science frontiers panel on cosmology and fundamental physics was tasked to identify and articulate the scientific themes that will define the frontier in cosmology and fundamental physics cfp research in the 20102020 decade. The dark energy of the universe mcgill physics mcgill university. Many sites of astrophysical particle acceleration have been directly observed, from supermassive black.
Cosmic acceleration, dark energy, and fundamental physics michael s. Researchers shed new light on dark energy, cosmic speedup. Test mass or specimen under study resides in the laboratory. Until recently the supernova data were the only direct evidence for the cosmic acceleration, and the only compelling reason to accept dark energy. Sciencehigh energy physics fy 2020 congressional budget justification u. Laboratory physics esmdsomd studies of matter, space, and time usinggp space laboratories. A quintessential introduction to dark energy princeton physics.
New research casts a shadow on the existence of dark energy. The problem was the dark energy in cosmology, comprising some seventy percent of the universe. Q are the dark energy pressure and energy density, respectively. The nature of dark energy is more hypothetical than that of dark matter, and many things about it remain in the realm of speculation.
Cosmic acceleration, darkenergy and fundamental physics. Cosmologists have historically turned to fundamental physics to. Dark energy and the new cosmology supernova cosmology project. Apr 11, 2018 it makes assumptions regarding the composition of the universe, and in particular the content of dark matter and the nature of dark energy, the mysterious driver of the acceleration of the cosmic. As an example, the dark energy task force detf summarized its 2006 comprehensive report on dark energy by stating that there is consensus among most physicists that nothing short of a revolution in our understanding of fundamental. How much will groundbased observations and experiments refine our knowledge of the physics of cosmic acceleration. At the same time, it posed one of the most profound mysteries in all of science, with deep connections to both astrophysics and particle physics. Observations and experiments underway and more precise cosmological measurements and laboratory experiments planned for the next decade will test whether or not dark energy is the quantum energy of the vacuum or something more exotic, and whether or not general relativity can self consistently explain cosmic acceleration. Mathematicians propose alternative explanation for cosmic acceleration. Volume v of an expanding universe grows, so its energy decreases if pressure p is positive. Precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background cmb, including data from the wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe wmap, have recently provided circumstantial evidence for dark energy. Cosmic acceleration, dark energy, and fundamental physics.
Dec 14, 2017 when modern cosmologists began to tackle cosmic acceleration and dark energy. The astro2010 science frontier panel cosmology and fundamental physics scope encompassed the early universe, the microwave background, the reionization and galaxy formation up to virialization of. Relativistic uncertainty principle to illusory cosmic. When modern cosmologists began to tackle cosmic acceleration and dark energy, they dusted off einsteins cosmological constant. Those who find the backandforth about data analysis hard to follow should note that the data from supernovas matches other evidence of cosmic acceleration. Is cosmic acceleration telling us something about gravity. Dark energy is the most conspicuous example of physics beyond the standard model and perhaps the most profound mystery in all of science. Download citation cosmic acceleration, dark energy and fundamental physics a web of interlocking observations has established that the expansion of the. Jan 08, 2020 those who find the backandforth about data analysis hard to follow should note that the data from supernovas matches other evidence of cosmic acceleration.
The presence of this acceleration is often described as the dark energy problem or the. Pdf the physics of cosmic acceleration researchgate. Within the context of general relativity the cause of cosmic acceleration is a highly elastic p, very smooth form of energy called dark energy accounting for about 75% of the universe. That theory violates the standard assumption that the universe has no center, but if true, then cosmic acceleration could be explained without dark energy or any new laws of physics. Astronomy, cosmology and fundamental physics request pdf. The sum of the energy of matter and of the gravitational energy is equal to zero. Different theories of dark energy suggest different values of w, with w and fundamental physics scope encompassed the early universe, the microwave background, the reionization and galaxy formation up to virialization of. The five assumptions of flat space cosmology 1 the cosmic model is an everexpanding sphere such that the cosmic hori. The dark energy problem dark energy wiley online library. Cosmic acceleration as quantum gravity phenomenology. Linder berkeley lab, university of california, berkeley, ca 94720 dated. Nov 07, 20 that theory violates the standard assumption that the universe has no center, but if true, then cosmic acceleration could be explained without dark energy or any new laws of physics.
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